The linking phrase “on the other hand” is used to introduce a contrasting point or an alternative perspective in a sentence or paragraph. It signals that what follows is different from, or in opposition to, the idea just mentioned. You use it when you want to show a balanced view, compare two sides of an argument, or present a disadvantage after an advantage. This guide explains exactly when to use it, how to avoid common errors, and what alternatives work better in different situations.
Quick Answer: When to Use ‘on the other hand’
Use “on the other hand” when you want to present a contrasting idea or a different side of an issue. It works best in formal writing, essays, and structured arguments. For example: “The plan is expensive. On the other hand, it will save time in the long run.” Do not use it for simple contradictions or in very casual conversation where “but” or “however” would be more natural.
Understanding the Core Meaning
The phrase comes from the idea of looking at a situation from two different sides, like holding an object in one hand and then turning it over to see the other side. It creates a clear signal to the reader that you are shifting to a contrasting viewpoint. This makes it a powerful tool in academic writing, business reports, and persuasive essays.
Unlike simple contrast words like “but” or “yet,” “on the other hand” suggests a more deliberate and balanced comparison. It often introduces a point that is equally important to the first point, rather than just a minor exception.
Formal vs. Informal Tone
Formal: “On the other hand” is perfectly acceptable in formal writing, including academic essays, research papers, and professional reports. It adds a sense of structure and careful reasoning.
Informal: In everyday conversation or casual emails, the phrase can sound a bit stiff. Native speakers often shorten it to “on the other hand” in speech, but they might also use simpler alternatives like “but,” “though,” or “then again.” For example, in a text message, you would write: “I wanted to go. But it was raining.” Not: “I wanted to go. On the other hand, it was raining.”
Email vs. Conversation Context
In professional emails, “on the other hand” is useful for weighing options. For example: “Option A is faster. On the other hand, Option B is more reliable.” In conversation, it can sound a little rehearsed. You might hear it in a debate or a formal discussion, but less often in a friendly chat.
Comparison Table: ‘On the other hand’ vs. Similar Linking Phrases
| Linking Phrase | Meaning | Best Used In | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| On the other hand | Introduces a contrasting point or alternative view | Formal writing, essays, structured arguments | “The new policy reduces costs. On the other hand, it may lower employee morale.” |
| However | Introduces a contrast or limitation | Formal and semi-formal writing | “The results were positive. However, more research is needed.” |
| But | Simple contrast or exception | Conversation, informal writing, any context | “I like the idea, but it is too expensive.” |
| In contrast | Highlights a direct difference between two things | Academic writing, comparisons | “In contrast to the first study, this one found no effect.” |
| Then again | Introduces a reconsideration or alternative thought | Informal conversation, personal reflection | “I thought I would stay home. Then again, the party might be fun.” |
Natural Examples
Here are examples that show how “on the other hand” works in real writing situations.
Example 1: Academic Essay
“The Industrial Revolution brought unprecedented economic growth. On the other hand, it also created harsh working conditions and widespread pollution.”
Example 2: Business Report
“Investing in new software will increase our upfront costs. On the other hand, it will automate many tasks and reduce long-term labor expenses.”
Example 3: Personal Decision
“Living in the city gives you access to many job opportunities. On the other hand, the cost of living is much higher than in rural areas.”
Example 4: Book Review
“The novel has a slow start. On the other hand, the character development in the later chapters is outstanding.”
Common Mistakes
Even advanced learners sometimes misuse this phrase. Here are the most frequent errors.
Mistake 1: Using it without a clear first point
“On the other hand” always needs a first point to contrast with. You cannot start a discussion with this phrase.
Wrong: “On the other hand, solar energy is renewable.” (What is the first hand?)
Right: “Fossil fuels are cheap. On the other hand, solar energy is renewable.”
Mistake 2: Using it for simple contradictions
If you are just stating a direct opposite, “but” or “however” is usually better.
Awkward: “I am tired. On the other hand, I am not hungry.” (These are not contrasting arguments; they are just two facts.)
Better: “I am tired, but I am not hungry.”
Mistake 3: Overusing it in one paragraph
Using “on the other hand” more than once in a short space makes your writing sound repetitive. Use it once to signal a major shift, then use other contrast words.
Repetitive: “Option A is cheap. On the other hand, it is slow. Option B is fast. On the other hand, it is expensive.”
Improved: “Option A is cheap but slow. Option B, on the other hand, is fast but expensive.”
Mistake 4: Confusing it with “in addition”
“On the other hand” introduces a contrast, not an additional point. Do not use it when you mean “also” or “furthermore.”
Wrong: “The restaurant has great food. On the other hand, it has excellent service.” (Both are positive, so no contrast.)
Right: “The restaurant has great food. On the other hand, the service is slow.”
Better Alternatives to ‘On the other hand’
Depending on your context, you might choose a different linking phrase. Here are some strong alternatives.
When to use “However”
Use “however” when you want a more formal and direct contrast. It can start a sentence or appear in the middle. It is often shorter and more versatile than “on the other hand.”
Example: “The experiment failed. However, we learned valuable lessons.”
When to use “In contrast”
Use “in contrast” when you are directly comparing two things that are opposites. It is very common in academic writing.
Example: “In contrast to the previous model, the new version is much lighter.”
When to use “But”
Use “but” for simple, everyday contrasts. It is the most natural choice in conversation and informal writing.
Example: “I wanted to go, but I was too busy.”
When to use “Then again”
Use “then again” when you are reconsidering a decision or introducing a second thought in a casual way.
Example: “I think we should cancel the trip. Then again, the weather might improve.”
Mini Practice Section
Test your understanding with these four questions. Choose the best option for each sentence.
Question 1
“The new phone has a great camera. __________, the battery life is disappointing.”
A) In addition
B) On the other hand
C) For example
Answer: B) On the other hand. The sentence contrasts a positive feature (great camera) with a negative one (disappointing battery).
Question 2
“I enjoy working from home. __________, I miss talking to my colleagues in person.”
A) On the other hand
B) Similarly
C) As a result
Answer: A) On the other hand. The sentence presents a contrast between enjoyment and missing social interaction.
Question 3
“The first candidate has more experience. __________, the second candidate is more creative.”
A) On the other hand
B) In addition
C) Because of this
Answer: A) On the other hand. The sentence compares two candidates with different strengths.
Question 4
“Which sentence uses ‘on the other hand’ correctly?”
A) “On the other hand, I like coffee.” (no first point)
B) “The hotel is expensive. On the other hand, it is very close to the beach.”
C) “I studied hard. On the other hand, I passed the test.” (no contrast)
Answer: B. It correctly contrasts a disadvantage (expensive) with an advantage (close to beach).
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Can I start a paragraph with “on the other hand”?
Yes, but only if the previous paragraph or sentence has established a clear first point. For example, if the first paragraph discusses the advantages of a plan, the next paragraph can begin with “On the other hand” to discuss the disadvantages. However, it is often smoother to use a full transition sentence.
2. Is “on the other hand” formal or informal?
It is generally considered neutral to formal. It is very common in academic and professional writing. In casual conversation, native speakers often prefer shorter words like “but” or “though.”
3. What is the difference between “on the other hand” and “in contrast”?
“In contrast” is more direct and is used when you are explicitly comparing two opposite things. “On the other hand” is slightly softer and often introduces a balanced or alternative perspective rather than a strict opposite. For example: “Cats are independent. In contrast, dogs need more attention.” (direct opposite). “Cats are independent. On the other hand, they can be very affectionate.” (alternative perspective).
4. Can I use “on the other hand” in the middle of a sentence?
Yes, but it is less common. You can place it between commas. For example: “The plan, on the other hand, has several drawbacks.” This structure is more formal and can be effective for emphasis.
Final Tips for Learners
To use “on the other hand” well, remember these three rules:
- Always have a first point. The phrase only works when you are comparing two sides.
- Use it for balanced arguments. It is perfect for essays where you discuss pros and cons.
- Do not overuse it. In a long piece of writing, use it once or twice. For other contrasts, use “however,” “but,” or “in contrast.”
For more help with linking words, explore our guides on Linking Words by Purpose and Transition Word Examples. If you have questions about this topic, visit our FAQ page or contact us.
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