The phrase “on the other hand” is one of the most frequently misused transition phrases in academic writing. Many learners use it to mean “also” or “in addition,” but its real job is to introduce a contrasting point. This guide explains exactly how to use it correctly, shows you the most common errors, and gives you clear alternatives so your academic writing stays precise and professional.
Quick Answer: What ‘on the other hand’ really means
“On the other hand” introduces a contrast or an opposing viewpoint. It signals that you are moving from one side of an argument to a different, often opposite, side. It is not a synonym for “furthermore,” “moreover,” or “in addition.” Use it only when you want to show a clear difference between two ideas.
How ‘on the other hand’ works in academic writing
In formal academic writing, “on the other hand” is typically used in pairs with “on the one hand.” This structure presents two balanced but opposing perspectives. However, many writers drop the first part and still expect the reader to understand the contrast. This works in informal contexts but can cause confusion in academic papers.
Formal tone: The ‘on the one hand… on the other hand’ pair
When you use the full pair, you create a clear, balanced argument. This is common in essays, research papers, and discussion sections.
Example (formal):
On the one hand, renewable energy reduces carbon emissions significantly. On the other hand, the initial installation costs remain high for many developing countries.
Notice how each side presents a valid but opposing point. The reader understands you are weighing two sides of the same issue.
Informal tone: Using ‘on the other hand’ alone
In less formal writing, such as emails or blog posts, you can use “on the other hand” without the first part. The contrast is still clear from context.
Example (informal):
Working from home saves commuting time. On the other hand, it can make it harder to separate work from personal life.
This is acceptable in many contexts, but in academic writing, the full pair is safer and more precise.
Comparison table: ‘on the other hand’ vs. similar phrases
| Phrase | Meaning | When to use | Common mistake |
|---|---|---|---|
| On the other hand | Introduces a contrasting point | When showing two sides of an argument | Using it to add information |
| Furthermore | Adds supporting information | When continuing the same line of argument | Using it to introduce a contrast |
| However | Introduces a contrast or limitation | When the contrast is strong or unexpected | Overusing it at the start of sentences |
| In contrast | Shows a direct difference | When comparing two specific items or ideas | Using it without a clear comparison |
| Conversely | Shows an opposite viewpoint | When the second point is the reverse of the first | Using it for mild differences |
Natural examples of correct usage
Here are examples that show how “on the other hand” works naturally in academic and everyday contexts.
Academic essay example
Many researchers argue that social media increases political engagement among young people. On the other hand, critics point out that online activism rarely translates into real-world action.
Email example
We could extend the deadline to allow more time for revisions. On the other hand, doing so might delay the project launch.
Conversation example
I like the idea of studying abroad for a year. On the other hand, I would miss my family and friends a lot.
Common mistakes with ‘on the other hand’
Here are the three most frequent errors learners make, along with corrections.
Mistake 1: Using it to add information
Wrong: The experiment produced clear results. On the other hand, the data also showed a small anomaly.
Why it is wrong: The second sentence adds information rather than contrasting with the first. The anomaly does not oppose the clear results; it is just an additional detail.
Correct: The experiment produced clear results. Furthermore, the data also showed a small anomaly.
Mistake 2: Using it without a clear contrast
Wrong: The company increased its revenue this quarter. On the other hand, they hired more staff.
Why it is wrong: Hiring more staff is not necessarily in contrast to increasing revenue. The reader does not see two opposing ideas.
Correct: The company increased its revenue this quarter. On the other hand, their operating costs also rose significantly.
Mistake 3: Overusing it in a single paragraph
Wrong: On the one hand, online learning offers flexibility. On the other hand, it requires self-discipline. On the other hand, some students prefer face-to-face interaction.
Why it is wrong: You cannot use “on the other hand” twice in the same argument. It creates confusion about which side is being contrasted.
Correct: On the one hand, online learning offers flexibility. On the other hand, it requires self-discipline. Additionally, some students prefer face-to-face interaction.
Better alternatives to ‘on the other hand’
Sometimes “on the other hand” is not the best choice. Here are alternatives for different situations.
When you want to show a simple contrast
- However – Use for a strong, straightforward contrast. Example: The policy was popular with voters. However, economists warned about long-term costs.
- Nevertheless – Use when the contrast is surprising or despite the first point. Example: The data was incomplete. Nevertheless, the team published their findings.
When you want to compare two specific things
- In contrast – Use when directly comparing two items. Example: Urban areas have high population density. In contrast, rural areas are sparsely populated.
- Conversely – Use when the second point is the opposite of the first. Example: Higher education often leads to higher income. Conversely, it also leads to higher student debt.
When you want to add information instead of contrasting
- Furthermore – Use to add a supporting point. Example: The study found a link between exercise and mood. Furthermore, the effect was strongest in older adults.
- Moreover – Use to add a stronger or more important point. Example: The new policy reduced waste. Moreover, it saved the company money.
When to use ‘on the other hand’ (and when not to)
Use it when:
- You are presenting two sides of an argument.
- You want to show a balanced view in a discussion.
- You are writing a compare-and-contrast essay.
- You are weighing pros and cons.
Do not use it when:
- You are simply adding another point.
- The second idea supports the first idea.
- You are listing examples or reasons.
- You are concluding or summarizing.
Mini practice: Test your understanding
Choose the correct phrase to complete each sentence. Answers are below.
1. The new software is faster than the old version. _____, it requires more training to use effectively.
a) On the other hand
b) Furthermore
2. The study found that sleep improves memory. _____, it also boosts creativity.
a) On the other hand
b) Moreover
3. On the one hand, raising taxes could fund better public services. _____, it might slow economic growth.
a) On the other hand
b) In addition
4. The first experiment failed to produce significant results. _____, the second experiment showed a clear pattern.
a) On the other hand
b) Similarly
Answers: 1. a, 2. b, 3. a, 4. a
Frequently asked questions about ‘on the other hand’
1. Can I start a sentence with “on the other hand”?
Yes, you can. It is common and correct to start a sentence with “on the other hand” when you are introducing a contrasting point. Just make sure the contrast is clear from the previous sentence.
2. Do I always need to say “on the one hand” first?
No, not always. In informal writing and speech, you can use “on the other hand” alone. However, in formal academic writing, using the full pair is recommended for clarity and balance.
3. Is “on the other hand” formal or informal?
It is neutral. It works in both formal and informal contexts. However, in very formal academic writing, some style guides prefer alternatives like “however” or “in contrast” for conciseness.
4. What is the difference between “on the other hand” and “in contrast”?
“On the other hand” introduces a different perspective or side of an argument. “In contrast” directly compares two specific items or ideas. For example: “Cats are independent. In contrast, dogs require more attention.” Here, “in contrast” works better because you are comparing two animals directly.
Final tip for academic writers
Before you use “on the other hand,” ask yourself: Am I showing a real contrast between two opposing ideas? If the answer is yes, go ahead. If you are adding, supporting, or explaining, choose a different transition word. For more help with transition words, explore our Essay Starters and Linking Words by Purpose sections. You can also check our Common Writing Mistakes category for similar guides. If you have questions, visit our FAQ page or contact us.
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